标题:新型中央和周围和隐形眼镜以及焦点隐形眼镜的近视控制:2年结果来自随机临床试验
作者:Padmaja Sankaridurg(1)(2),Ravi Bakaraju(1)(2),Thomas Naduvilath(1)(2),Xiang Cheng(3),Rebecca Weng(1),Daniel Tilia(1),Pauline Xu(1),Wayne Li(1),Fabian Condrad(1),Earl Smith 3rd(4),Klaus Ehrmann(1)(2)
- Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney, Australia
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- 中国广州的森尚尚森大学的宗山眼科中心州关键实验室
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, USA
日期:2019年6月
参考:眼科物理光学。2019[链接到开放访问纸]
Summary
导致近视的生物过程尚不清楚。但是,有证据表明,视觉反馈在弹药过程中的作用。1动物模型中的研究表明,周围视网膜在折射误差发展中的重要性以及外周远视在轴向伸长中发挥作用的工具作用。2因此,许多镜头设计旨在诱导近视散焦,并已被证明可以减少轴向长度的伸长。
这项研究的作者进行了一项为期2年的双盲,随机对照试验,评估了两个新型隐形眼镜作为近视控制的手段的功效。第一个设计(镜头I和II)旨在减少远视散焦并诱导大部分视网膜的近视散焦。第二个设计(Lens III和IV)具有扩展的焦点,并结合了高阶畸变以调节视网膜图像质量。该技术用于许多商业隐形眼镜,包括新型种子1天纯EDOF镜头。3
该研究表明,这两个镜头设计都慢慢近视进展。EDOF设计可能会引起出色的治疗效果。但是,需要进一步的调查以进一步探讨这一点。
临床相关性
The novel contact lenses developed by the authors are effective in reducing myopia progression in comparison to single vision lenses
- 与对照组相比
- 控制镜头SE:-1.15d(-0.99; -1.30)
- Lens III SE:-0.78D(-0.62; -0.94)(减少32%)
- 镜头IV SE:-0.85d(-0.85; -1.00)(减少26%)
- 在2年时,所有晶状体类型都观察到轴向伸长的统计学显着降低
- Control lens AL: 0.60mm (0.53; 0.66)
- 镜头我:0.41mm (0.34; 0.48)(减少32%)
- 镜头II AL:0.46mm (0.39; 0.53)(减少23%)
- 镜头III AL:0.45mm(0.38; 0.52)(25% reduction)
- 镜头IV AL:0.43mm(0.36; 0.50)(减少28%)
- 重要的是,用四个治疗隐形眼镜获得的结果度量(SE和AL)彼此之间没有显着差异(P> 0.05)
- In summary, at 2 years both lens designs (lenses I-IV) significantly reduced progression of axial elongation while only EDOF design (lens III and IV) significantly reduced myopic progression (SE)
晶状体磨损的依从性提高了治疗效果
- 2year reduction in SE and AL increased in children who wore contact lenses with increased compliance (6天/周)
- 测试镜头的平均降低符合性:-0.76d(33%)
- 合规性提高的测试镜头的平均降低:0.38mm(34%)
- 这表明镜头的磨损时间很重要,如果患者每周佩戴<6天的隐形眼镜,则可以降低治疗效果(即周末停止隐形眼镜磨损)。
治疗功效在镜头磨损的前6个月中最大
- For both SE and AL, the authors noted a significant lens by time interaction, with the rate of change between the control and test group significant for only the first 6 months of the study
- 因此,在开始晶状体磨损的前6个月中,治疗效果是最大的,这种现象先前已有报道,并且应注意眼部护理人员。4
Subjects did not report a subjective reduction in quality of vision with any lens
- 主观视力质量的评分通常很高,并且镜头之间没有统计学上的显着差异(p> 0.005)
- However, all test lenses (excluding lens II high contract) statistically significantly reduced monocular high and low contrast VA
- 相比之下VA的这种减少显然不会影响主题的主观质量
- This allows Eye care practitioners to advise patients that their quality of vision will not decrease wearing this design of lens
局限性和未来研究
该研究受到高分率和受试者辍学的速度
- In the first month 129/508 children (25.4%) dropped out, and an additional 89 (23.5%) children dropped out over the duration of 2 years
- 这归因于隐形眼镜安全的不适和关注
- 这可能是避免通过拟合孩子们机智h contact lenses for a trial period prior to enrolment, however this would affect randomisation and bias with treatment
- This prohibited authors from undertaking an intention to treat analysis
测试镜头I和II(设计1)的镜头核心很重要,可能会影响通过透镜进行的屈光误差测量。这可能限制了所采用的测量的准确性和有关该晶状体类型的结论。
The results are based on group means and the study design features individuals being randomised to a particular group. This makes it difficult to explore if certain individuals or eyes derived a greater or lesser treatment effect
- 可能还有其他因素(镜头和患者与患者相关)可能会影响疗效,包括瞳孔大小,分散性,中心和外围的屈光误差概况以及镜头的拟合度
- Further research required to determine if efficacy can be optimised for each individual eye
这些结果是针对居住在中国的中国儿童获得的。结果可能在其他种族和环境中有所不同。为了适用于澳大利亚,应在我们的人群中进行进一步的研究。此外,还需要进一步研究磨损镜头磨损对功效的影响。作者为所有测试镜片提供了SE和AL,当磨损增加时,所有测试镜片平均。作者希望为每种晶状体类型提供特定的结果,以便进一步了解这种效果以及每天的平均磨损时间。
Full story
Purpose
To examine myopia control efficacy of novel contact lenses that (1) reduced both central and peripheral defocus, and (2) provided extended depth of focus (EDOF) with better global retinal image quality for locations on, and anterior to, the retina and degraded for locations posterior to the retina.
学习规划
This study is a prospective, parallel arm, double blinded trial that randomised (initially) 508 Chinese children aged between 8-13 years into 1 of 5 groups. Groups detailed listed below, with an image detailing lens design:
- 对照组:单视隐形眼镜(n:start = 102,结束= 50)
- 设计1:Aimed to reduce hyperopic defocus and induce myopic defocus across a large portion of retina. Contains incorporated relative plus in a stepped manner, commencing at 1.5mm cord and with maximum power at 3.00mm. Also incorporates a stepped, relative positive power centrally (up to 1.00mm semi-chord) of up to +1.00D
- 镜头I:最大 +2.50d在3.00mm(n:start = 103,end = 47)
- Lens II:Maximum +1.50D at 3.00mm (n: start =101, end=45)
- 设计2:EDOF lens that incorporates higher order aberrations to improve retinal image quality in locations on and anterior to the retina, and degrades image quality posterior to the retina. The refractive profile across the optic zone was non-monotonic and aperiodic across the optic zone.
- Lens III:EDOF of up to +1.75D (n: start = 98, end= 45)
- 镜头IV:最多 +1.25d的EDOF(n:start = 104,end = 47)

测量程序
对儿童进行评估,因为候选人随后与隐形眼镜拟合,然后在1和3个月后跟进。评估了高和低对比度VA。以6个月的间隔测量了环读自动截图(Shin-Nippon SRW 500)和轴向长度(Lenstar 900)。每次访问时,儿童都会填写一份有关视觉,舒适性和合规性主观评估的问卷。
Outcomes
| Control | 测试Lens I | 测试镜头II | 测试镜头III | 测试镜头IV | ||
| se(D) | 变更SE(D) | -1.15 | -0.87 | -0.88 | -0.78 | -0.85 |
| 减少SE(D)(%) | -0.28(24%) | -0.27(24%) | -0.37 (32%) | -0.30(26%) | ||
| 降低SE(D)的合规性增加 | -1.14 | -0.76 (0.38D=33%) | ||||
| Al(mm) | 更改Al(mm) | 0.60 | 0.41 | 0.46 | 0.45 | 0.43 |
| 降低Al(mm)(%) | 0.19 (32%) | 0.14(23%) | 0.15 (25%) | 0.17(28%) | ||
| 降低AL(MM)并增加了合规性 | 0.58 | 0.38 (0.20D= 34%) | ||||
Table 1: Results (Spherical Equivalent D, and Axial Length mm) at 24 months. Note bolded values indicate a statistically significant result.
如上所述,在24个月时,所有测试隐形眼镜均导致轴向长度的统计学显着降低,而透镜III和IV(设计2)降低了近视进程(球形等效性)。重要的是,镜头之间没有统计学上的显着结果。
Effect of Discontinuation
Interestingly, the authors reported a statistically significant difference in progression between subjects that discontinued/were lost to follow up in comparison to those in the study (p<0.001); however, from the paper it is unclear how lost to follow up comparisons were calculated.
结论
这项研究表明,通过使用旨在减少周围和中央散焦的新型隐形眼镜以及EDOF设计的新型隐形眼镜,可以显着减少近视进展。该研究表明,EDOF透镜可能在降低近视进展方面更有效,但是没有获得统计学上的显着结果,需要进一步的研究来进一步研究。
抽象的
标题:新型中央和周围和隐形眼镜以及焦点隐形眼镜的近视控制:2年结果来自随机临床试验
作者:Sankaridurg P,Bakaraju R,Naduvilath T,Chen X,Weng R,Tilia D,Xu P,Li W,Li W,Conrad F,Smith E,Ehrmann K.
目的:我们旨在通过新型隐形眼镜(CL)来确定近视控制功效,(CL)(1)降低了中央和周围的散热器,(2)提供了扩展的焦点,并具有更好的全局视网膜图像质量,可在视网膜上和视网膜前面进行。并因视网膜后方的点而退化。
方法:Children (n= 508, 8–13 years) with cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE) −0.75 to −3.50D were enrolled in a prospective, double blind trial and randomised to one of five groups: (1) single vision, silicone hydrogel (SH) CL; (2) two groups wearing SH CL that imposed myopic defocus across peripheral and central retina (test CL I and II; +1.00D centrally and +2.50 and +1.50 for CL I and II at 3 mm semi‐chord respectively); and (3) two groups wearing extended depth of focus (EDOF) hydrogel CL incorporating higher order aberrations to modulate retinal image quality (test CL III and IV; extended depth of focus of up to +1.75D and +2.50D respectively). Cycloplegic autorefraction and axial length (AL) measurements were conducted at six monthly intervals. Compliance to lens wear was assessed with a diary and collected at each visit. Additionally, subjective responses to various aspects of lens wear were assessed. The trial commenced in February 2014 and was terminated in January 2017 due to site closure. Myopia progression over time between groups was compared using linear mixed models and where needed post hoc analysis with Bonferroni corrections conducted
Results:近视在24个月时以对照Cl -1.1.12±0.51d/0.58±0.27 mm进行。相比之下,所有测试CL的进展均降低,而SE/AL范围从-0.78d到-0.87D/0.41-0.46 mm,在24个月时(Al:Al:p所有测试CL <0.05;sep<0.05用于测试CL III和IV),并表示轴向长度的伸长率约为22%至32%,而球形相当于24%至32%的球形降低。在测试CL的情况下,兼容的佩戴者(每周≥6天;对照CL:-0.64D/0.30 mm和-1.14D/0.58 mm vs vs test cl:-0.42d to TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TO TOM≥6天;≥6天;每周≥6天;控制CL:-0.64D/0.30天;对照CL:-0.64D/0.30天;-0.47D/0.12-0.18 mm和-0.70至-0.81d/0.19-0.25 mm分别为12和24个月)。
结论:在视网膜上强加近视散焦或视网膜图像质量的隐形眼镜导致近视的进展较慢,并且在兼容的佩戴者中看到了更大的功效。重要的是,这两种策略中的任何一种没有差异。
关于克莱尔
Clare Maher is a clinical optometrist in Sydney, Australia, and a second year Doctor of Medicine student, with a keen interest in research analysis and scientific writing.
References
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